C???m l???nh v?? c??m kh??ng s??? d???ng kh??ng sinh

C???m l???nh v?? c??m kh??ng s??? d???ng kh??ng sinh theo khuy???n ngh??? c???a ECDC

C?? nhi???u th??? m???i ch??ng ta c?? th??? l??m ????? gi??p h???n ch??? vi???c ph??t tri???n c???a kh??ng thu???c kh??ng sinh v?? t???c ????? l??y lan c???a vi khu???n kh??ng thu???c.

H??nh 1. S?? ????? t???ng quan v??? m???t s??? vi???c b???n c?? th??? t??? l??m ????? gi??p h???n ch??? v???n ????? kh??ng thu???c kh??ng sinh.

Xem th??m: C??ch s??? d???ng kh??ng sinh m???t c??ch h???p l??

S??? d???ng kh??ng sinh m???t c??ch th??ng minh

• Xem c??c ch???n ??o??n c???a chuy??n gia ch??m s??c s???c kh???e v?? kh??ng y??u c???u th??m kh??ng sinh, thay v??o ???? h??y h???i nh???ng c??ch kh??c gi??p c???i thi???n t??nh tr???ng.
• Kh??ng t??? s??? d???ng kh??ng sinh ho???c s??? d???ng thu???c c?? c???a l???n ???m tr?????c.
• Tu??n th??? h?????ng ??i???u tr??? n???u b???n ???????c k?? m???t ?????t kh??ng sinh.

T???i sao ph???i s??? d???ng kh??ng sinh ????ng c??ch?

S??? d???ng kh??ng sinh kh??ng ????ng l??m t??ng t???c ????? ph??t tri???n v?? l??y lan c???a vi khu???n kh??ng thu???c. H??n n???a, vi???c d??ng thu???c kh??ng sinh c??ng c?? nhi???u t??c d???ng ph??? nh?? ti??u ch???y, c??c ph???n ???ng d??? ???ng v?? s??? t???n t???i c???a c??c vi khu???n kh??ng thu???c trong c?? th??? (t??m hi???u th??m ??? trang https://www.reactgroup.org/toolbox/understand/why-should-i-care/). V?? v???y ch??? n??n d??ng kh??ng sinh khi c???n thi???t.

Nhi???u lo???i nhi???m tr??ng nh?? c???m l???nh th??ng th?????ng hay c??m g??y ra b???i virus v?? kh??ng th??? ???????c ??i???u tr??? b???ng kh??ng sinh. Th???m ch?? m???t s??? b???nh nhi???m tr??ng do vi khu???n c?? th??? kh???i b???ng h??? th???ng mi???n d???ch m?? kh??ng c???n d??ng kh??ng sinh. V?? c??c lo???i kh??ng sinh kh??c nhau ???????c s??? d???ng cho c??c lo???i nhi???m tr??ng do c??c lo???i vi khu???n kh??c nhau n??n vi???c l???a ch???n kh??ng sinh r???t ph???c t???p v?? y??u c???u c?? chuy??n m??n v??? l??nh v???c y t???. C??c lo???i thu???c c?? c?? th??? c?? ho???t t??nh th???p h??n v?? n?? kh??ng ph??t huy t??c d???ng.

H??nh 2. Thu???c kh??ng sinh kh??ng c?? t??c d???ng ch???ng l???i c???m l???nh v?? c??m (chi???n d???ch ng??y n??ng cao nh???n th???c v??? kh??ng sinh c???a Ch??u ??u, ECDC).

Gi??? g??n s???c kh???e

• R???a tay v?? khuy??n ng?????i kh??c c??ng r???a tay c???a h???.
• Ti??m ph??ng v?? ?????m b???o c??c th??nh vi??n kh??c trong gia ????nh c??ng ???????c ti??m. C?? nhi???u lo???i vaccin ???????c s??? d???ng r???ng r??i v?? an to??n b???o v??? ch???ng l???i c??c lo???i vi khu???n g??y b???nh nh?? b???i li???t v?? ho g??. M???t s??? lo???i vaccin ph???i ???????c ti??m nh???c l???i ????? duy tr?? hi???u qu??? b???o v???, h??y nh??? ghi ch?? th???i gian ti??m vaccin c???a m??nh v?? ?????t th??ng b??o cho l???n sau.
• Chu???n b??? v?? n???u th???c ??n h???p v??? sinh: r???a tay tr?????c, trong v?? sau khi s?? ch??? th???c ph???m, n???u th???t v???i nhi???t ????? ???????c khuy???n ngh???, ????? th???t s???ng ri??ng bi???t v???i rau v?? d???ng c??? ??n u???ng. Th???c hi???n c??c bi???n ph??p ?????m b???o ngu???n n?????c s???ch.
• Tr??nh l??y lan b???nh: ??? nh?? v?? ngh??? ng??i khi b???n b??? b???nh truy???n nhi???m.

T???i sao ph???i gi??? g??n v??? sinh v?? ti??m v???c xin ?????y ??????

C??ch t???t nh???t ????? kh??ng ph???i s??? d???ng kh??ng sinh l?? h???n ch??? c??c nguy c?? nhi???m tr??ng ngay t??? ?????u.

V??? sinh tay ????ng c??ch c?? th??? ng??n ng???a s??? l??y lan c???a vi sinh v???t v?? c??c b???nh truy???n nhi???m. Vaccin ???? chu???n b??? cho h??? th???ng mi???n d???ch c???a b???n ????? n?? c?? th??? ng??n ch???n s??? t???n c??ng c???a c??c vi sinh v???t c??? th??? v?? b???o v??? ch???ng l???i c??c b???nh nhi???m tr??ng. Ngo??i vi???c b???o v??? ng?????i ???????c ti??m ch???ng, vi???c ti??m ch???ng r???ng r??i c??ng l??m gi???m s??? l??y nhi???m trong x?? h???i. Th???c ph???m s???ng v?? n???u kh??ng h???p v??? sinh c?? th??? ch???a vi sinh v???t g??y b???nh. H???n ch??? l??y lan d???ch b???nh b???ng c??ch s??? d???ng vaccin, v??? sinh nh?? ??? ????ng c??ch v?? ??? nh?? khi b??? l??y nhi???m s??? gi??p l??m gi???m vi???c k?? ????n v?? s??? d???ng kh??ng sinh trong c???ng ?????ng. Xem video b??n d?????i v??? kh??ng sinh c???a WHO: ??Cu???c v???n ?????ng th???n tr???ng khi d??ng thu???c.

N??ng cao nh???n th???c c???ng ?????ng v??? kh??ng sinh?

• T??m hi???u v??? vi khu???n v?? kh??ng kh??ng sinh.
• H?????ng d???n ng?????i kh??c v??? vi khu???n v?? t??nh tr???ng kh??ng thu???c kh??ng sinh, ?????ng th???i n??i cho h??? bi???t v??? c??c h??nh ?????ng c?? th??? h???n ch??? v???n ????? n??y.
• Tr??? th??nh ng?????i hi???u bi???t nh???t v??? v???n ????? kh??ng kh??ng sinh: gi??p n??ng cao nh???n th???c trong c???ng ?????ng, kh???i x?????ng c??c ho???t ?????ng v?? l?? t???m g????ng cho ng?????i kh??c trong v???n ????? n??y.

T???i sao ph???i n??ng cao nh???n th???c x?? h???i v??? kh??ng sinh?

– ????? gi???i quy???t v???n ????? kh??ng thu???c kh??ng sinh, c???n ph???i thay ?????i h??nh vi ??? t???t c??? c??c t???ng l???p x?? h???i. C???n c?? ki???n th???c v??? l?? do t???i sao c???n ph???i h??nh ?????ng v?? l???i ??ch c???a b???n th??n c??ng nh?? l???i ??ch c???a x?? h???i v?? nh???ng c??ch c?? th??? l??m ????? ch???ng l???i c??c th??ch th???c c???a t??nh tr???ng kh??ng kh??ng sinh.

– B???ng c??ch n??ng cao nh???n th???c, nhi???u ng?????i c?? th??? ???????c truy???n c???m h???ng ????? h??nh ?????ng, t??ng c?? h???i th??nh c??ng trong vi???c h???n ch??? s??? xu???t hi???n v?? l??y lan c???a c??c lo???i vi khu???n kh??ng thu???c v?? gi??? g??n ???????c ngu???n thu???c ch???a b???nh cho c??c th??? h??? t????ng lai.

Hi v???ng ??? Vi???t Nam s???m c?? nh???ng ho???t ?????ng nh???ng ch????ng tr??nh t????ng t??? nh?? c???c ng??n ng???a d??? ph??ng b???nh t???t Ch??u ??u ( ECDC) ????? n??ng cao nh???n th???c kh??ng ch??? ?????i ng?? y t??? y b??c s???, d?????c s??? m?? to??n th??? ng?????i d??n chung tay gi???m t??nh tr???ng Kh??ng thu???c kh??ng sinh.

Xem th??m: Quan ??i???m Nu??i con kh??ng kh??ng sinh c???a Bs Qu???c

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Kh??ng d??ng kh??ng sinh v?? Corticoid